May 2022 • Journal of The Electrochemical Society
Gil Bergman, Amey Nimkar, Arka Saha, Bar Gavriel, Meital Turgeman, Fyodor Malchik, Tianju Fan, Merav Nadav Tsubery, Malachi Noked, Daniel Sharon, Netanel Shpigel
May 2022 • Scientific Reports
Abhijit Sanjeev, Vismay Trivedi, Zeev Zalevsky
“However, this technique suffers from the fact that it requires a lot of image processing tools, and post processing”“Another interesting approach is to exploit the memory effect of speckles. Memory effect states that there exists a correlation between a speckle pattern even when the laser illumination is tilted within a given angular range. Freund12, 13 used the scattering media as a lens based on speckle intensity correlation. This idea was extended by Bertolotti et al. 14 to image a fluorescent object behind the media.” now reads:“Another interesting approach is to exploit the memory effect of speckles. Memory effect states that there exists a correlation between a speckle pattern even when the laser illumination is tilted within a given angular range. Freund12–14 used the scattering media as a lens based on speckle intensity correlation. This idea was extended by Bertolotti et al. 13 to image a fluorescent object behind …
Show moreMay 2022 • Protein Science
Idan Yakobov, Alysia Mandato, Lukas Hofmann, Kevin Singewald, Yulia Shenberger, Lada Gevorkyan‐Airapetov, Sunil Saxena, Sharon Ruthstein
Metalloregulators bind and respond to metal ions by regulating the transcription of metal homeostasis genes. Copper efflux regulator (CueR) is a copper‐responsive metalloregulator that is found in numerous Gram‐negative bacteria. Upon Cu(I) coordination, CueR initiates transcription by bending the bound DNA promoter regions facilitating interaction with RNA polymerase. The structure of Escherichia coli CueR in presence of DNA and metal ion has been reported using X‐ray crystallography and cryo‐EM, providing information about the mechanism of action. However, the specific role of copper in controlling this transcription mechanism remains elusive. Herein, we use room temperature electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments to follow allosterically driven dynamical changes in E. coli CueR induced by Cu(I) binding. We suggest that more than one Cu(I) ion binds per CueR monomer, leading to …
Show moreMay 2022 • CLEO: Science and Innovations, JTh3A. 15, 2022
Kavita Sharma, Elad Zehavi, H Hagai Diamandi, Gil Bashan, Yosef London, Avi Zadok
Direct, distributed analysis of forward scattering is demonstrated for the first time in any optical medium, using inter-modal nonlinear coupling in polarization maintaining fibers. Local spectra of forward Brillouin scattering and Kerr effect are resolved.
Show moreMay 2022 • CLEO: Science and Innovations, SW4O. 4, 2022
Moshe Katzman, Maayan Priel, Leroy Dokhanian, Inbar Shafir, Matan Slook, Saawan Kumar Bag, Avi Zadok
Integrated, discrete time microwave filters are realized in surface acoustic wave photonic devices in standard silicon on insulator. The devices are scaled to 16 and 32 taps. A single 7 MHz-wide passband is demonstrated.
Show moreMay 2022 • CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science, FW5I. 7, 2022
D Beitner, I Carmeli, Z Zalevsky, S Richter, H Suchowski
Utilizing a combination of hyperspectral measurements and sorting K-means algorithms, we study coupled J-aggregate–plasmonic nanostructures system. The effect of proximity and cover ratio of the J-aggregates on the plasmonic resonance is shown and modeled.
Show moreMay 2022 • Optics Express
Mark Golberg, Ran Califa, Sagi Polani, Orit Goldstein, Zailer Aviram, Meir Niska, Zeev Zalevsky
Diabetic foot is a well-known problem among patients suffering from peripheral arterial diseases (PAD). This article presents an optical sensor for contactless measurement of the anatomical site based on laser speckle techniques. The sensor illuminates the inspected tissue and analyzes the captured back-reflected light from the time-changing speckle patterns. An occlusion test was implemented to provide a statistical parameter to differentiate between a low perfused and a healthy foot. A clinical study of 15 subjects was conducted. The video was analyzed by two methods: dynamic laser speckle (DLS) and laser speckle contrast analysis (LASCA). Data analysis included several classification models, where the KNN model exhibited maximum performance. These findings suggest that a simple and inexpensive system for PAD monitoring can be designed for home use and/or in community clinics.
Show moreMay 2022 • CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science, JTu3B. 6, 2022
Y Piasetzky, M Katzman, M Priel, H Suchowski, A Zadok
We demonstrate a high-fidelity directional coupler in photonic integrated waveguides, utilizing a novel scheme of detuning modulated composite segments. We reduce the wavelength dependence by almost an order of magnitude, indicating significantly increased robustness.
Show moreMay 2022 • Cytotherapy
J Rifman, N Ben Haim, S Cohen, N Brycman, A Hailu, O Berhani-Zipori, A Edri, D Yackoubov, R Simantov, A Hendel, A Pato, Y Geffen
May 2022 • Beilstein Archives
Shani Zev, Marion Ringel, Ronja Driller, Bernhard Loll, Thomas Brück, Dan T Major
Terpene synthases are responsible for the biosynthesis of terpenes, the largest family of natural products. Hydropyrene synthase generates hydropyrene and hydropyrenol as its main products along with two byproducts, isoelisabethatriene A and B. Fascinatingly, a single active site mutation (M75L) diverts the product distribution towards isoelisabethatriene A and B. In the current work, we study the competing pathways leading to these products using quantum chemical calculations in the gas-phase. We show that there is a great thermodynamic preference for hydropyrene and hydropyrenol formation, and hence most likely in the synthesis of the isoelisabethatriene products kinetic control is at play.
Show moreMay 2022 • CLEO: Science and Innovations, JTu3A. 33, 2022
Idan Parshani, Leon Bello, Mallachi-Elia Meller, Avi Pe’er
We demonstrate experimentally symmetry breaking in a linear cavity mode-locking laser due to a non-local Kerr-lens, which is expressed in deviation from the soliton model. The effect is backed by numerical simulation with quantitative agreement.
Show moreMay 2022 • ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA 134, 536-537, 2022
Donald H Penning, Simona Cazacu, Rephael Nizar, Chaya Brodie
May 2022 • CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science, JTu3A. 31, 2022
Shai Ben-Ami, Igal Aharonovich, Avi Pe’er
We explore experimentally synchronization and persistent beating dynamics in coupled non-degenerate parametric oscillators. We demonstrate that synchronization is completely prevented due to mode competition, which is unique to non-degenerate oscillators.
Show moreMay 2022 • Journal of Lightwave Technology
Moshe Katzman, Yonatan Piasetzky, Evyatar Rubin, Ben Barenboim, Maayan Priel, Muhammad Erew, Avi Zadok, Haim Suchowski
Photonic integrated circuits play a central role in current and future applications such as communications, sensing, ranging, and information processing. Photonic quantum computing will also likely require an integrated optics architecture for improved stability, scalability, and performance. Fault-tolerant quantum computing mandates very accurate and robust quantum gates. In this work, we demonstrate high-fidelity directional couplers for single-qubit gates in photonic integrated waveguides, utilizing a novel scheme of detuning-modulated composite segments. Specific designs for reduced sensitivity to wavelength variations and real-world geometrical fabrication errors in waveguides width and depth are presented. Enhanced wavelength tolerance is demonstrated experimentally. The concept shows great promise for scaling high fidelity gates as part of integrated quantum optics architectures.
Show moreApr 2022 • Optics Express
Ariel Halevi, Nairouz Farah, Nisan Ozana, Sharon Cohen, Assaf Shoval, Orit Shefi, Yossi Mandel, Zeev Zalevsky
Label free and remote action potential detection in neurons can be of great importance in the neuroscience research field. This paper presents a novel label free imaging modality based on the detection of temporal vibrations of speckle patterns illuminating the sample. We demonstrated the feasibility of detecting action potentials originating from spontaneous and stimulated activity in cortical cell culture. The spatiotemporal vibrations of isolated cortical cells were extracted by illuminating the culture with a laser beam while the vibrations of the random back scattered secondary speckle patterns are captured by a camera. The postulated action potentials were estimated following correlation-based analysis on the captured vibrations, where the variance deviation of the signal from a Gaussian distribution is directly associated with the action potential events. The technique was validated in a series of experiments in which the optical signals were acquired concurrently with microelectrode array (MEA) recordings. Our results demonstrate the ability of detecting action potential events in mammalian cells remotely via extraction of acoustic vibrations.
Show moreApr 2022 • Scientific Reports
Abhijit Sanjeev, Vismay Trivedi, Zeev Zalevsky
Light propagating along a reversed path experiences the same transmission coefficient as in the forward direction, independent of the path complexity. This is called the optical reciprocity of light, which is valid for not too intense scattering media as well. Hence, by utilizing the reciprocity principle, the proposed novel technique can achieve axially and laterally tunable focus, non-invasively, through a scattering media without a priori knowledge or modeling of its scattering properties. Moreover, the uniqueness of the proposed technique lies in the fact that the illumination and detection are on the same side of the scattering media.
Show moreApr 2022 • arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.03369
Moshe Katzman, Yonatan Piasetzky, Evyatar Rubin, Ben Birenboim, Maayan Priel, Avi Zadok, Haim Suchowski
Photonic integrated circuits play a central role in current and future applications such as communications, sensing, ranging, and information processing. Photonic quantum computing will also likely require an integrated optics architecture for improved stability, scalability, and performance. Fault-tolerant quantum computing mandates very accurate and robust quantum gates. In this work, we demonstrate high-fidelity directional couplers for single-qubit gates in photonic integrated waveguides, utilizing a novel scheme of detuning-modulated composite segments. Specific designs for reduced sensitivity to wavelength variations and real-world geometrical fabrication errors in waveguides width and depth are presented. Enhanced wavelength tolerance is demonstrated experimentally. The concept shows great promise for scaling high fidelity gates as part of integrated quantum optics architectures.
Show moreApr 2022 • JOSA A
Maor Laufer, Zeev Zalevsky
In this paper, we show an enhancement of a super-resolution field of view multiplexing approach that, in addition to overcoming the diffraction related resolution limitation while sacrificing the field of view, also allows generating geometric super-resolution by creating sub-pixel shifts versus time. Thus, the proposed approach is both field of view as well as time multiplexing super-resolution, and it overcomes the resolution limits of both the diffraction and geometric limitation of spatial sampling caused by the stringent size of a camera’s pixels.
Show moreApr 2022 • Science
Eran Hodis, Elena Torlai Triglia, John YH Kwon, Tommaso Biancalani, Labib R Zakka, Saurabh Parkar, Jan-Christian Hütter, Lorenzo Buffoni, Toni M Delorey, Devan Phillips, Danielle Dionne, Lan T Nguyen, Denis Schapiro, Zoltan Maliga, Connor A Jacobson, Ayal Hendel, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Martin C Mihm Jr, Levi A Garraway, Aviv Regev
Establishing causal relationships between genetic alterations of human cancers and specific phenotypes of malignancy remains a challenge. We sequentially introduced mutations into healthy human melanocytes in up to five genes spanning six commonly disrupted melanoma pathways, forming nine genetically distinct cellular models of melanoma. We connected mutant melanocyte genotypes to malignant cell expression programs in vitro and in vivo, replicative immortality, malignancy, rapid tumor growth, pigmentation, metastasis, and histopathology. Mutations in malignant cells also affected tumor microenvironment composition and cell states. Our melanoma models shared genotype-associated expression programs with patient melanomas, and a deep learning model showed that these models partially recapitulated genotype-associated histopathological features as well. Thus, a progressive series of genome …
Show moreApr 2022 • Sensors
Matan Benyamin, Zeev Zalevsky
Remote detection of photoacoustic signals is a well desired ability, enabling to perform advanced imaging in scenarios where contact is not possible. Various unique solutions have been suggested, including a camera-based speckle contrast photoacoustic detection. In this manuscript, a significant upgrade to the camera-based speckle contrast approach is presented and experimentally demonstrated. This solution is based on all-optical vibration sensing setup. The technique is based on spectral estimation of speckle pattern contrast and relies on several pre-developed works. First, it relies on the suggested application of speckle contrast to vibration sensing, and then on the realization of intensity pattern spectral manipulation, using a shearing interferometer. The method is evaluated and compared to traditional contrast estimation, and demonstrated in several applications in various vibration frequency band such as photoacoustic signal analysis and phonocardiographic heart sounds. The method is also applicable to measuring contrast changes due to a general speckle changing behavior, rather than surface vibration alone.
Show moreApr 2022 • Developmental Biology
Elina Grinshtain, Sally Shpungin, Micha Baum, Uri Nir, Haim Breitbart
The physiological acrosome reaction occurs after mammalian spermatozoa undergo a process called capacitation in the female reproductive tract. Only acrosome reacted spermatozoon can penetrate the egg zona-pellucida and fertilize the egg. Sperm also contain several mechanisms that protect it from undergoing spontaneous acrosome reaction (sAR), a process that can occur in sperm before reaching proximity to the egg and that abrogates fertilization. We previously showed that calmodulin-kinase II (CaMKII) and phospholipase D (PLD) are involved in preventing sAR through two distinct pathways that enhance F-actin formation during capacitation. Here, we describe a novel additional pathway involving the tyrosine kinase Fer in a mechanism that also prevents sAR by enhancing actin polymerization during sperm capacitation. We further show that protein-kinase A (PKA) and the tyrosine-kinase Src, as well as …
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