BINA

This work presents a mild, fast, and scalable approach for chemical presodiation of Na-ion battery cathodes employing a tunnel-type Na0.44MnO2 (NMO) as a model material to demonstrate its sodiation with sodium-phanazine solutions. After presodiation using this approach, there is an 80% increase in specific capacity and a 66% increase in specific energy of NMO in full cells with hard carbon anodes.

One of the most challenging tasks in analytical chemistry is the determination of the chirality (identi cation of an enantio-meric composition) in solids mainly because of the strict requirements of the pharmaceutical industry for enantiomerically pure drugs. Although there are a few methods available to accomplish enantio-differentiation in solids, for example: X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), CD spectroscopy, and low-frequency (LF) Raman spectroscopy, this is still very challenging. In this work, we have developed a new method to measure the chirality of crystals, based on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of chiral crystals doped with Cu2+ as the EPR active ion. Here, we demonstrate our approach using a model system of L-and DL-Histidine crystals doped with Cu2+. We show that EPR measurements of the Cu2+-doped Histidine crystals can accurately determine the chirality and enantiomeric composition of the crystals. We present a very preliminary example of this technique, and we hope that in the future it will be possible to re ne and develop this method for many other chiral organic crystal systems.

Background Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neurodevelopmental genetic disorder caused by the loss of function of the ubiquitin ligase E3A (UBE3A) gene, affecting approximately 1:15,000 live births. We have recently shown that mitochondrial function in AS is altered during mid to late embryonic brain development leading to increased oxidative stress and enhanced apoptosis of neural precursor cells. However, the overall alterations of metabolic processes are still unknown. Hence, as a follow-up, we aim to investigate the metabolic profiles of wild-type (WT) and AS littermates and to identify which metabolic processes are aberrant in the brain of AS model mice during embryonic development. Methods We collected brain tissue samples from mice embryos at E16.5 and performed metabolomic analyses using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. Multivariate and Univariate analyses were …

Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) exhibits remarkable qualities; owing to the strong affinity for water of its pyrrolidone group, which enhances compatibility with aqueous systems, it is effective for stabilizing, binding, or carrying food, drugs, and cosmetics. However, coating the surface of polymeric films with PVP is not practical, as the coatings dissolve easily in water and ethanol. Poly(silane–pyrrolidone) nano/microparticles were prepared by combining addition polymerization of methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane and N-vinylpyrrolidone, followed by step-growth Stöber polymerization of the formed silane–pyrrolidone monomer. The silane–pyrrolidone monomeric solution was spread on oxidized polyethylene films with a Mayer rod and polymerized to form siloxane (Si-O-Si) self-cross-linked durable anti-fog thin coatings with pyrrolidone groups exposed on the outer surface. The coatings exhibited similar wetting properties to PVP with significantly greater stability. The particles and coatings were characterized by microscopy, contact angle measurements, and spectroscopy, and tested using hot fog. Excellent anti-fogging activity was found.

Lead chalcogenides are compelling materials for nanophotonics and optoelectronics due to their high refractive indices, extreme thermo‐optic coefficients, and high transparency in the mid‐infrared (MIR). In this study, PbTe hoppercubes (HC, face‐open box cubes) are synthesized and explored for their MIR resonant characteristics. Single‐particle microspectroscopy uncovered deep‐subwavelength light localization, with a spectral response dominated by both fundamental and multiple high‐order Mie‐resonant modes. Nanoimaging mapping using scattering‐type scanning near‐field optical microscopy (s‐SNOM) reveals that the scattering at the center of the HC is reduced by more than five times compared to the edges. 2D‐Hyperspectral scans conducted using a low‐power broadband MIR source and nanometer spatial resolutions provided information on the local amplitude and phase‐resolved near‐fields …

In this presentation we explore a novel scheme for super-resolution that can also be adjusted for quantum sensing case. The scheme is sharing the same ideas of time-multiplexing followed by spatial homodyne detection. In the proposed super-resolving approach, the super resolution is performed without knowing the projected random encoding pattern (i.e. projected on the object) since the decoding is done in an-all optical manner and not in digital post-processing. This is obtained since the same random projected pattern is projected both on the object as well as on the sensing detector. Due to the non-linearity of the detector (it captures intensity) a product between the low-resolution image and the projected high resolution encoding pattern is generated, which is essential for the decoding process. By performing time integration while modifying the projected encoding pattern, a super-resolved image is decoded …

Investigating the dynamics of chromatin and the factors that are affecting it, has provided valuable insights into the organization and functionality of the genome in the cell nucleus. We control the expression of Lamin-A, an important organizer protein of the chromatin and nucleus structure. By simultaneously tracking tens of chromosomal loci (telomeres) in each nucleus, we find that the motion of chromosomal loci in Lamin-A depleted cells is both faster and more directed on a scale of a few micrometers, which coincides with the size of chromosome territories. Moreover, in the absence of Lamin-A we reveal the existence of correlations among neighboring telomeres. We show how these pairwise correlations are linked with the intermittent and persistent character of telomere trajectories, underscoring the importance of Lamin-A protein in chromosomal organization.

Accessing the low-energy non-equilibrium dynamics of materials and their polaritons with simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolution has been a bold frontier of electron microscopy in recent years. One of the main challenges lies in the ability to retrieve extremely weak signals and simultaneously disentangling the amplitude and phase information. Here we present free-electron Ramsey imaging—a microscopy approach based on light-induced electron modulation that enables the coherent amplification of optical near fields in electron imaging. We provide simultaneous time-, space- and phase-resolved measurements of a micro-drum made from a hexagonal boron nitride membrane, visualizing the sub-cycle dynamics of two-dimensional polariton wavepackets therein. The phase-resolved measurement reveals vortex–anti-vortex singularities on the polariton wavefronts, together with an intriguing …

Depicted is a novel setup for realizing the photon number splitting (PNS) attack with current-day technology, namely, using the single-photon Raman interaction. In article number 2300437, Eliahu Cohen and co-workers analyze the amount of information which the eavesdropper (Eve) can obtain using this physical realization of PNS, concluding that while part of the secret key is at risk when weak coherent states are used, there is still a price for Eve to pay in terms of the induced noise. This stresses the importance of proper countermeasures.

The evaluation of capacitive deionization (CDI) often relies on indicators like salt adsorption capacity and rate. However, these indicators encompass the entire system, including the anode and cathode. In practice scenarios, differences in specific capacitance, weight, and potential of zero charge result in varying theoretical ion adsorption capacity (IAC) and electrode potential. Hence, it is crucial to assess the deionization performance of individual electrodes. In this study, by introducing a reference electrode into the desalination device and enhancing the effective area and mass loading of the counter electrode, a single-electrode evaluation device was established to specifically analyze the deionization performance of the working electrode. Through this evaluation method, the single-electrode deionization performances of the anodic and cathodic integrated membrane electrodes (IMEs) were investigated …

Crystalline monolayers prevalent in nature and technology possess elusive elastic properties with important implications in fundamental physics, biology, and nanotechnology. Leveraging the recently discovered shape transitions of oil-in-water emulsion droplets, upon which these droplets adopt cylindrical shapes and elongate, we investigate the elastic characteristics of the crystalline monolayers covering their interfaces. To unravel the conditions governing Euler buckling and Brazier kink formation in these cylindrical tubular interfacial crystals, we strain the elongating cylindrical droplets within confining microfluidic wells. Our experiments unveil a nonclassical relation between the Young’s modulus and the bending modulus of these crystals. Intriguingly, this relation varies with the radius of the cylindrical crystal, presenting a nonclassical mechanism for tuning of elasticity in nanotechnology applications.

Interaction-free measurement (IFM) is a promising technique for low-dose detection and imaging, offering the unique advantage of probing an object without absorption of the interrogating photons. We propose an experiment to demonstrate IFM in the single x-ray photon regime. The proposed scheme relies on the triple-Laue (LLL) symmetric x-ray interferometer, where each Laue diffraction acts as a lossy beamsplitter. In contrast to many quantum effects which are highly vulnerable to loss, we show that an experimental demonstration of this effect in the x-ray regime is feasible and can achieve high IFM efficiency even in the presence of substantial loss in the system. The latter aspect is claimed to be a general property of IFM based on our theoretical analysis. We scrutinize two suitable detection schemes that offer efficiencies of up to . The successful demonstration of IFM with x-rays promises intriguing possibilities for measurements with reduced dose, mainly advantageous for biological samples, where radiation damage is a significant limitation.

In this presentation we explore a novel scheme for super-resolution that can also be adjusted for quantum sensing case. The scheme is sharing the same ideas of time-multiplexing followed by spatial homodyne detection. In the proposed super-resolving approach, the super resolution is performed without knowing the projected random encoding pattern (i.e. projected on the object) since the decoding is done in an-all optical manner and not in digital post-processing. This is obtained since the same random projected pattern is projected both on the object as well as on the sensing detector. Due to the non-linearity of the detector (it captures intensity) a product between the low-resolution image and the projected high resolution encoding pattern is generated, which is essential for the decoding process. By performing time integration while modifying the projected encoding pattern, a super-resolved image is decoded …

Correlated Multimodal Imaging (CMI) gathers information about the same specimen with two or more modalities that–combined–create a composite and complementary view of the sample (including insights into structure, function, dynamics and molecular composition). CMI allows one to reach beyond what is possible with a single modality and describe biomedical processes within their overall spatio-temporal context and gain a mechanistic understanding of cells, tissues, and organisms in health and disease by untangling their molecular mechanisms within their native environment. The field of CMI has grown substantially over the last decade and previously unanswerable biological questions have been solved by applying novel CMI workflows. To disseminate these workflows and comprehensively share the scattered knowledge present within the CMI community, an initiative was started to bring together imaging, image analysis, and biomedical scientists and work towards an open community that promotes and disseminates the field of CMI. This community project was funded for the last 4 years by an EU COST Action called COMULIS (COrrelated MUltimodal imaging in the LIfe Sciences). In this review we share some of the showcases and lessons learnt from the action. We also briefly look ahead at how we anticipate building on this initial initiative.

The magnetic field range in which a magnetic sensor operates is an important consideration for many applications. Elliptical planar Hall effect (EPHE) sensors exhibit outstanding equivalent magnetic noise (EMN) on the order of pT/Hz, which makes them promising for many applications. Unfortunately, the current field range in which EPHE sensors with pT/Hz EMN can operate is sub-mT, which limits their potential use. Here, we fabricate EPHE sensors with an increased field range and measure their EMN. The larger field range is obtained by increasing the uniaxial shape-induced anisotropy parallel to the long axis of the ellipse. We present measurements of EPHE sensors with magnetic anisotropy which ranges between 12 Oe and 120 Oe and show that their EMN at 10 Hz changes from 800 pT/Hz to 56 nT/Hz. Furthermore, we show that the EPHE sensors behave effectively as single magnetic domains with negligible hysteresis. We discuss the potential use of EPHE sensors with extended field range and compare them with sensors that are widely used in such applications.

A universal methodology for coding-decoding the complex amplitude field of an imaged sample in coherent microscopy is presented, where no restrictions on any of the two interferometric beams are required. Thus, the imaging beam can be overlapped with, in general, any other complex amplitude distribution and, in particular, with a coherent and shifted version of itself considering two orthogonal directions. The complex field values are retrieved by a novel Cepstrum-based algorithm, named as Spatial-Shifting Cepstrum (SSC), based on a weighted subtraction of the Cepstrum transform in the cross-correlation term of the object field spectrum in addition with the generation of a complex pupil from the combination of the information retrieved from different holographic recordings (one in horizontal and one in vertical direction) where one of the interferometric beams is shifted 1 pixel. As a result, the field of view is …

A universal methodology for coding-decoding the complex amplitude field of an imaged sample in coherent microscopy is presented, where no restrictions on any of the two interferometric beams are required. Thus, the imaging beam can be overlapped with, in general, any other complex amplitude distribution and, in particular, with a coherent and shifted version of itself considering two orthogonal directions. The complex field values are retrieved by a novel Cepstrum-based algorithm, named as Spatial-Shifting Cepstrum (SSC), based on a weighted subtraction of the Cepstrum transform in the cross-correlation term of the object field spectrum in addition with the generation of a complex pupil from the combination of the information retrieved from different holographic recordings (one in horizontal and one in vertical direction) where one of the interferometric beams is shifted 1 pixel. As a result, the field of view is …

Quantum reference frames have attracted renewed interest recently, as their exploration is relevant and instructive in many areas of quantum theory. Among the different types, position and time reference frames have captivated special attention. Here, we introduce and analyze a non-relativistic framework in which each system contains an internal clock, in addition to its external (spatial) degree of freedom and, hence, can be used as a spatiotemporal quantum reference frame. Among other applications of this framework, we show that even in simple scenarios with no interactions, the relative uncertainty between clocks affects the relative spatial spread of the systems.

Investigating the dynamics of chromatin and the factors that are affecting it, has provided valuable insights into the organization and functionality of the genome in the cell nucleus. We control the expression of Lamin-A, an important organizer protein of the chromatin and nucleus structure. By simultaneously tracking tens of chromosomal loci (telomeres) in each nucleus, we find that the motion of chromosomal loci in Lamin-A depleted cells is both faster and more directed on a scale of a few micrometers, which coincides with the size of chromosome territories. Moreover, in the absence of Lamin-A we reveal the existence of correlations among neighboring telomeres. We show how these pairwise correlations are linked with the intermittent and persistent character of telomere trajectories, underscoring the importance of Lamin-A protein in chromosomal organization.

We report continuous wave laser-assisted evaporation (CLE), a thin film deposition technique that yields phase-pure and stoichiometric thin films of halide perovskites (HaPs) from stoichiometric HaP targets. We use methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr 3) to demonstrate the ability to grow with CLE well-oriented and smooth thin films on various substrates. Further, we show the broader applicability of CLE by preparing films of several other 3D HaP compounds, viz., methylammonium lead iodide, formamidinium lead bromide, and a 2D one, butylammonium lead iodide. CLE is a single-source, solvent-free, room-temperature process that needs only roughing pump vacuum; it allows the deposition of hybrid organic-inorganic compound films without needing post-thermal treatment or an additional organic precursor source to yield the intended product. The resulting films are polycrystalline and highly oriented. All …

Visible light-active photoelectrode materials that can exhibit simultaneous photo- and electroactivity are essential for photoelectrosynthesis. Herein, we report a coordination metallo-organic system based on bismuth with 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (DMcT) as a linker ligand, which displays a p-type behavior with stable photoelectroactivity in neutral and protic electrolytes. The UV–visible spectral investigation reveals the systematic bathochromic shift with a gradual increment in the concentration of the Bi3+ ions to DMcT and the bandgap of 1.7 eV. The XPS, Raman, and FT-IR spectral data suggest the presence of a −S–Bi–S– linkage in the c-Bi-DMcT coordination polymeric structures. A photocathode prepared by electrooxidation shows a relatively less bismuth content with a disulfide linkage and lower photoactivity compared with c-Bi-DMcT prepared by chemical synthesis. The observed photocurrent values …